(Map is approximate and for illustration purpose only.)

Map highlights: Enlightenment spreads – Rivalry among Britain, France, Spain, and Prussia – Austrian Habsburg lands in Central Europe – Reforms in administration and the military – Ottoman Empire is still a major power, ruling Southeast Europe, Anatolia, the Levant, and North Africa – Qing China prospers under the Qianlong era and prepares for further Inner Asian expansion – Spain dominates most of The Americas – Religious renewal and missionary activity – Foundations are laid for later nationalism, political revolutions, and industrialization

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